10 Oct 2025
Prior to Patek Philippe’s launch of the Cubitus collection, there was already endless speculation around two details among collectors. The first was if it would be available only in precious metals; the second revolved around its physical dimensions. The 45mm-sized cases (measured diagonally) of the Refs. 5821 and 5822P-001 offered expansive dials with generous real estate for multiple complications. They were also ultra-thin designs, thanks to the larger diameter movements and modern production techniques, allowing for slimmer movements.
Across the industry, wristwatches are larger compared with timepieces from the 1980s and 1990s. This shift reflects evolving tastes and lifestyles, with many collectors preferring timepieces that offer a stronger wrist presence and greater scope for expressive, functional design. While Patek Philippe continues to champion high complications and mechanical timekeeping in smaller models such as the Twenty~4 Automatic Perpetual Calendar released this year, there have been a number of innovations made possible thanks to larger dimensions.
The Patek Philippe Caliber 89, started in 1980 and completed in 1989 to commemorate Patek Philippe’s 150th Jubilee anniversary. Image courtesy of Sotheby’s.
There’s no better example of how a larger dial offers more opportunity for complexity with legibility than Patek Philippe’s Caliber 89, which was developed to commemorate the watchmaker’s 150th anniversary. With a large 88.2mm diameter case and two dials for calendrical and astronomical complications separately, the ease of absorbing all of the relevant information cannot be overstated. However, since most people will not wear a pocket watch as a wrist or neck accessory, the modest (by comparison) proportions of the Ref. 5822P-001 Cubitus with Instantaneous Grande Date, Day and Moon Phases will have to suffice.
The Patek Philippe Ref. 5822P-001 Cubitus with Instantaneous Grande Date, Day and Moon Phases, shown here with matching platinum cufflinks. (Credit: Patek Philippe)
Patek Philippe is never prescriptive of what and how its collectors wear their watches with. Its sales representatives will be the first to tell customers that they should wear the watch they enjoy, regardless of size. Within the company, proportions serve a purpose: in the case of the Ref. 5822P-001 Cubitus, it was to reduce the thickness of the case, while offering an instantaneous grand date display and additional counters for the moon phase, day, and small seconds. The Caliber 240 PS CI J LU that can be observed from the exhibition caseback is merely 4.76mm thick, which means that the calendar module for the watch is just over 2.2mm thick. To accommodate the astronomical moon phase calendar and a co-planar grande date display, the module measures 31mm across.
The Patek Philippe Caliber 240 PS CI J LU’s calendar module, which holds six patents, is shown here next to the exhibition caseback of the Ref. 5822P-001 Cubitus with Instantaneous Grande Date, Day and Moon Phases. (Credit: Patek Philippe)
Precision and consistent performance are the hallmarks of a Patek Philippe complication, and in the instantaneous jumping calendar, of the Caliber 240 PS CI J LU, there are six patents, governing the display operations and adjustment. Energy management is key, as there are up to four displays jumping at midnight within 30 milliseconds. Another is the alignment of the co-planar grande date display, which can also be adjusted at any time of the day without the possibility of a double jump. To display all of this information comfortably, a larger case and dial are necessary. Conveniently, the Cubitus’ integrated lug design makes the watch easy to wear as a strap or bracelet that can flex fully to fit the wrist well.
The Patek Philippe Ref. 7340/1R-001 Twenty~4 Automatic Perpetual Calendar in rose gold case and bracelet, with silvery “shantung” dial featuring horizontal and vertical satin-finish. (Credit: Patek Philippe)
That’s not to say that Patek Philippe’s high complications are only presented on larger timepieces. In fact, one of the most thrilling releases this year was the first Twenty~4 model with a complication. True to impressive form, Patek Philippe managed to fit a fully analogue perpetual calendar display within a 36mm-sized case, and also maintain a sub-10mm thickness. The Caliber 240 Q which equips the Ref. 7340/1R has the same base movement as the Ref. 5822P-001. It demonstrates just how adaptable the watchmaker’s movements are developed, and how its technical and creative departments must design every reference to enable such flexible adaptation.
The Patek Philippe Ref. 7340/1R-010 Twenty~4 Automatic Perpetual Calendar in rose gold case and bracelet, with a sunburst dial and circular graining on the 24-hour indicator. (Credit: Patek Philippe)
It’s also in the design of the Ref. 5822P-001’s dial, and the Ref. 7340/1R-001, that shows how finishes and design elements enhance a dial’s beauty. The embossed dials of the Cubitus, enhanced with a sunburst finish and rich dial colours of blue or olive green, offer a sophisticated industrial look that’s both elegant and rugged. The genteel “shantung” finish of the Ref. 7340/1R-001 with horizontal and vertical satin brushing creates a captivating backdrop against which the multiple counters of the perpetual calendar are shown. A comparison of the amount of negative space each reference offers shows a similar proportion; this is how the watchmaker ensures information is never overwhelming on its dials.
The ladies’ World Time reference 7130G, is another timepiece with an iconic Patek Philippe complication, housed within a smaller case. Its sibling, the Ref. 5231G-001 World Time with Rare Handcrafts, is also compactly sized. Both offer unique takes on the complication: The Ref. 7130G-016 features a hand-guilloched basket-weave motif on the dial centre, while the Ref. 5231G is decorated with a miniature painting using Grand Feu cloisonné enamel. Both are powered by the Caliber 240 HU, sharing the same base as the above two watches.
The Patek Philippe Ref. 6301P-001 Grand and Petite Sonnerie Minute Repeater in platinum with Grand Feu enamel dial. (Credit: Patek Philippe)
There is another category of high complications that benefit from a larger case, and they are the chiming complications. This is one area of expertise that Patek Philippe is beloved for, and the advantage of having a larger case on its chiming timepieces is that the case acts as a resonance chamber, amplifying chimes and minimising any impact to pitch or tone. The Caliber GS 36-750 PS IRM is one of the watchmaker’s most complicated movements, with a Grande and Petite Sonnerie function as well as a minute repeater, and two barrels that drive the timekeeping and chiming gear trains separately. For a seamless, error-proof operation, the entire watch can be managed using a single crown.
The Patek Philippe Caliber GS 36-750 PS IRM has three hammers and gongs that are fixed and adjusted by hand and managed by a silent governor to ensure the chiming operation runs flawlessly. (Credit: Patek Philippe)
Each component of the stunning movement, visible through the large sapphire crystal caseback of the 44.8mm-diameter case, is finished by hand. The brushed Genevan striping, polished chamfers along every visible edge, polished chatons and hammers, and perlage by hand that’s just visible below the bridges, take hours of effort to achieve. Ample space between the gongs, case, and movement allows sound to amplify and reverberate within, transmitted through sapphire crystal on both sides of the case for perfect pitch. And with every chiming complication, they are personally heard by the President of Patek Philippe, Thierry Stern, before leaving the manufacture.
The Patek Philippe Ref. 6301P-001 Grand and Petite Sonnerie Minute Repeater has a beautiful Grand Feu enamel dial in a jet black with minute track, seconds counter and power reserve indications in white. (Credit: Patek Philippe)
The harmonious tones of the Grand Sonnerie watch are accompanied by an equally well-balanced dial, in a hand-painted black enamel on gold dial plate. Through multiple coats of enamel and firings at a high temperature, it creates a lustrous black enamel that will never fade, with bright white print that stands out against the jet black backdrop.
The Patek Philippe Ref. 5524G-010 Calatrava Pilot Travel Time in white gold with ivory-coloured lacquer dial. (Credit: Patek Philippe)
It’s been a decade since the Ref. 5524 Calatrava Pilot Travel Time, inspired by historic aviation models from the 1930s, was introduced. The references that bear the ‘Pilot’ moniker have strong military and aviation influences in their design, from oversized, luminous Arabic numeral hour markers and sword-style hands to distinct displays for individual functions so as to minimise misreading. The utilitarian architecture of the aviation or field watch necessitates a larger case and dial, for everything from shock resistance to legibility in poor conditions.
The Patek Philippe Ref. 5520RG-001 Calatrava Pilot Alarm Travel Time and Ref. 5524G-010 Calatrava Pilot Travel Time have nearly identical sizes. (Credit: Patek Philippe)
Two Calatrava Pilot models epitomise how Patek Philippe both provides information in a thoughtful way to its wearers, and in its absence allows its designs room to breathe. The Calatrava Pilot Alarm Travel Time and Calatrava Pilot Travel Time share similar physical proportions – the former is less than a millimetre thicker and 0.2 millimetres wider – and adds a chiming alarm function for a set timing. Where the Ref. 5520 maxes out the real estate on the dial, with a digital alarm display at 12 o’clock and dual pushers and crowns to control all of the functions, the Ref. 5524 offers generous negative space, which enhances appreciation of its style and balance.
The Patek Philippe Ref. 5524G-010 Calatrava Pilot Travel Time lights up in the dark. (Credit: Patek Philippe)
The style of the newly released Patek Philippe Ref. 5524G-010 Calatrava Pilot Travel Time also reflects modern design aesthetics, with a brightly lit dial in the dark, lighter dial colours and the use of lacquer to offer an even-toned, glossy look that’s both elegant but somewhat discreet. This is also reflected in the use of brushed finishes that complement the polished chamfers and caseband.
The evolving styles across the watch industry sees both a revival of larger and smaller case sizes. Both have their place within a Patek Philippe collection; at the end of the day, it’s about what feels great when worn.
Head to one of our boutiques to experience the differences today.